The number of new students from abroad enrolling at United States (US) universities has dropped by an average of 7 per cent at nearly 500 colleges and universities surveyed this fall, the Institute of International Education reported on Monday.
However, the IIE said that colleges had fared better than expected this year amid concerns about the country’s political climate and fear that it could drive students away. The report also showed that results from school to school are more mixed than expected.
While 45pc of schools saw declines in international enrolment, nearly a third said their numbers have increased since last year, the survey found. The remaining 24pc said they saw no change.
“It’s definitely a wake-up call, but by no means is it a crisis, and it does not come anywhere close to the precipitous decline and plummeting of numbers that the entire sector had been predicting,” said Rajika Bhandari, head of research, policy and practice for the nonprofit group based in New York.
The White House’s proposed travel bans and separate reports of violence against immigrants had fuelled fears of a sharp decline in students coming from abroad.
The anxiety spurred many campuses to boost their recruiting efforts, while some launched marketing campaigns meant to make foreign students feel welcome.
Despite the improved outlook, the survey found that half of the 500 colleges still worry the nation’s atmosphere could discourage potential students, and 20 per cent reported that the climate has already led some students to leave.
“We don’t know what the trends are going to look like for next year, but for sure there are concerns,” Bhandari said.
The survey offers only a preview of this year’s trends and was released alongside the institute’s annual “Open Doors” report, which tracks international students at 3,000 US schools but lags a year behind.
The broader survey covering the last school year found that US colleges hosted a record number of international students but also saw new enrolment fall 3pc since 2015, the first decrease in at least six years.
That downturn took place before the presidential election and can be blamed on factors including the rising cost of tuition in the US, growing competition from schools in other countries, and political factors outside the United States, the institute’s leaders said.
Governments in Brazil and Saudi Arabia, for example, have slashed national programs that helped students study abroad in recent years, fuelling a combined 23pc drop in students from those countries last year.
“So many campuses are used to having very large numbers of Brazilians, very large numbers of Saudis, and now they need to think more about diversification,” said Allan Goodman, president of the institute.
“You can’t count on that steady stream any longer.”
Students from China and India made up nearly half of all international students last year, reaching a combined 530,000.
Their numbers have continued to grow, but at a much slower rate than in previous years. Iran, the only nation in President Donald Trump’s travel ban with heavy numbers of students in the US, sent 12,600 students here last year, an increase of about 3pc.
The top states for international students remained unchanged last year, with California topping the list followed by New York, Texas and Massachusetts.
The report found that the number of Americans studying abroad grew by about 4pc, marking another year of slow but steady growth. Their top destinations were the United Kingdom, Italy, Spain and France.
About 325,000 Americans studied abroad last year, while nearly 1.1m international students came to colleges here.
