UNITED NATIONS: Warning that 600 million children – one in four worldwide – will be living in areas with extremely scarce water by 2040, the United Nations children’s agency has called on governments to take immediate measures to curb the impact on the lives of children.
In its report, Thirsting for a Future: Water and children in a changing climate, the UN Children’s Fund (UNICEF) explores the threats to children’s lives and well-being caused by depleted sources of safe water and the ways climate change will intensify these risks in coming years. “This crisis will only grow unless we take collective action now,”
UNICEF Executive Director Anthony Lake said in a statement announcing the report, launched on World Water Day. “But around the world, millions of children lack access to safe water – endangering their lives, undermining their health, and jeopardising their futures,” he added. According to the UN agency, 36 countries around the world are already facing extremely high levels of water stress.
Warmer temperatures, rising sea levels, increased floods, droughts and melting ice affect the quality and availability of water as well as sanitation systems. These combined with increasing populations, higher demand of water primarily due to industrialisation and urbanisation are draining water resources worldwide. On top of these, conflicts in many parts of the world are also threatening access to safe water.
According to a recent UN-Water report, about two-thirds of the world’s population currently live in areas that experience water scarcity for at least one month a year. All of these factors force children to use unsafe water, exposing them to deadly diseases like cholera and diarrhoea. Many children in drought-affected areas spend hours every day collecting water, missing out on a chance to go to school. Girls are especially vulnerable to attack and sexual violence during these times.
However, the impact of climate change on water sources is not inevitable, noted the report, recommending actions to help curb the impact of climate change on the lives of children. One of the points it raised is for governments to plan for changes in water availability and demand in the coming years and to prioritise the most vulnerable children’s access to safe water above other water needs to maximise social and health outcomes.
It also called on businesses to work with communities to prevent contamination and depletion of safe water sources as well as on communities to diversify water sources and to increase their capacity to store water safely. “Water is elemental – without it, nothing can grow,” Executive Director Lake said, urging for efforts to safeguard children’s access to water. “One of the most effective ways we can do that is safeguarding their access to safe water.”
