The Margalla Hills National Park is facing many threats, including stone crushing, forest fires and tree cutting which will ultimately result in squeezing of the habitat and concentration of animals and birds in certain pockets. The ever-increasing human settlements, mining, fuel wood extraction, wildlife hunting, livestock grazing, road construction, air, noise, water pollution and recently installed lights on Daman-e-Koh Road are the main problems in the park area.
Pakistan Museum of Natural History (PMNH) Zoology Department Director Dr Muhammad Rafique said that such hurdles in the habitat and resource partitioning would lead to a competition among species, resulting in drastic changes in species composition and their associations.
He said the park is important, as it forms the southern most distributional limit for many Himalayan animal species and the northern most limits for many species of the plain areas in the south.“This park provides a refuge to many indigenous species locally migrating from northern parts of the country when those areas are packed with snow during the winters.
It also serves as a transit place for many species of birds migrating from northern hemisphere, and also serving as an important recreational place for the people of Rawalpindi and Islamabad,” he said.
He added the park also provided an excellent spot for birdwatchers as many people in Islamabad had this hobby. Dr Rafique said the park was unique in the sense that it had a remarkable variety of microhabitats, which was an indicator of high species’ diversity. As a result of a series of faunal survey of the park, 54 species of butterflies, 37 of fish, nine of amphibians, 20 of reptiles, 380 of birds, 21 of small mammals and 15 species of large mammals were recorded.
