NATO summit ends without deal on supply routes

The rift between the United States and Pakistan deepened on Monday as the NATO summit in Chicago ended without a deal on Afghanistan supply routes. US President Barack Obama, at a press conference to wind up the summit, made no attempt to conceal his exasperation, issuing a pointed warning to Pakistan that it was in its wider interest to work with the US to avoid being “consumed” by extremists.
Seldom in recent years have the tensions between Washington and Islamabad been on public show to the extent as at Chicago, overshadowing the two-day NATO summit, said a report by the Guardian on Tuesday. The main point of friction is Pakistan’s closure of NATO supply routes to Afghanistan in protest over drone attacks and a US air strike in November that killed two dozen Pakistani troops. Obama refused to make time during the two-day summit to see President Asif Ali Zardari for a face-to-face bilateral meeting. In a press conference, Obama made a point of stressing that the only exchange he had with his Pakistani counterpart was short. “Very brief, as we were walking into the summit,” Obama said.
The US president said he “did not want to paper over the cracks” and that there has been tension between the US-led international force in Afghanistan and Pakistan over the last few months. But ultimately, it was in the US interest to have a stable, democratic and prosperous Pakistan, Obama said, adding that it was in the interest of Pakistan to work with the US to ensure it is not consumed by extremists. There are fears in the US that the Pakistani government is unstable and that the government could fall, to be replaced by hardliners. The risk for Obama in displaying his annoyance with Pakistan at the Chicago summit is that Zardari could leave the summit feeling humiliated and even less willing to play a positive role over Afghanistan, the newspaper commented. Obama declined to meet Zadari one-to-one because Pakistan is refusing to re-open its Afghanistan border to NATO, which means the US and others are having to re-supply their military forces through the slower and more expensive routes from the north and Russia.
The president claimed that he never anticipated the Pakistan supply line issue being resolved at the summit and, taking a more optimistic view of the stand-off, he said they were making “diligent progress”.
“We think that Pakistan has to be part of the solution in Afghanistan. Neither country is going to have the kind of security, stability and prosperity that it needs unless they can resolve some of these outstanding issues,” Obama said. British Prime Minister David Cameron, at a press conference in Chicago, reflected the irritation with Pakistan, describing the blocked routes as “frustrating”. Cameron said he expected a deal eventually but not at the summit.
In its final communiqué, NATO formally committed to its withdrawal of the 130,000-strong force from Afghanistan based on a timetable agreed earlier by Obama and Karzai. All international combat troops would be withdrawn by the end of 2014. But the communiqué said a smaller force would remain to help “train, advise and assist” the Afghan army.
The communiqué does not say how many troops will be left but US commanders in Kabul are looking at a NATO force of around 15,000-20,000. Reflecting the public mood in NATO countries tired of the war, the communiqué said the withdrawal timetable is “irreversible”.
Obama, at the opening of the second day of the NATO summit on Monday morning, showed his displeasure with the Pakistani government by singling out the country while thanking the Central Asian countries and Russia that stepped in to replace the Pakistani supply route, and made no mention of Pakistan. Zardari was in the room at the time.
To ram home the point, US Defence Secretary Leon Panetta also held a meeting at the NATO summit with senior ministers from Kazakhstan, the Kyrgyz Republic, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, and Uzbekistan. Panetta expressed his “deep appreciation” for their support.
Zardari has demanded an apology from the US for the killing of the 24 Pakistani troops in November in return for reopening supply lines. He is also proposing that the tariff for each vehicle be raised from $250 to $5,000. The US is bitter about this, noting the amount of American military and other aid that goes to Pakistan annually.